The Russia-Ukraine war: an analysis of the geopolitical roots and the global dynamics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/7.1.16Keywords:
Geopolitics, Crimea, NATO, China, Europe, European Union, Eastern Europe, Economic crises, Energy crises, China-Russia axis, Russia-Ukraine conflictAbstract
Russian deployment of troops on the Ukrainian border is a clear threat of war, which the US-led Western block perceives truly. This research aims to analyse Russia's motives for opposing Ukraine. Europe's geopolitical and geo-economic situation needs serious attention to be studied systematically. A qualitative fact-based approach is used, and a descriptive analysis has been done for this research. The current security dynamics amidst the Russia-Ukraine conflict have jeopardised the security structure of the entire European region. All such development is no doubt a threat to the security of Europe. One of the immediate reasons Russia deployed its troops on Ukraine's border was to stop Ukraine from joining NATO, for which Russia had threatened both Ukraine and the US-led Western block. As the Ukraine crisis unfolds, geopolitical shifts have pushed Russia and China closer together. Consequently, this closeness between China and Russia is seen as alarming in the West. Further, the crises have highlighted differences within the Western alliance, like no consensus, as they do not agree on how to respond to this worst situation. It has further intensified the polarisation of the East and the West and has raised tensions.
References
Adams, J. R. (2019). From Helsinki to Madrid. In Human Rights in Our Time (pp. 105-124). Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429049880-6
Adomeit, H. (2016). Germany, the EU, and Russia: the conflict over Nord Stream 2. Centre for European Studies Policy Brief, 186-192. https://carleton.ca/ces/wp-content/uploads/Adomeit-policy-brief.pdf
Ali, I. &. (2022). Exclusive: U.S. to send 3,000 additional troops to Poland. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/exclusive-us-send-3000-additional-troops-poland-officials-say-2022-02-11/
Bin, Y. (2022). Not so quiet in the Western Pacific. Comparative Connections: A Triannual E-Journal on East Asian Bilateral Relations, 23(3), 143-154. https://cc.pacforum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/12-China-Russia-23.3-2.pdf
Biscop, S. ( 2022 ). Is Putin winning, or is he trying not to lose? Security Policy Brief, 154 http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-8738616
Charap, S. (2022). Speaking aloud what NATO has left unsaid could help ease Ukraine-Russia impasse. The RAND Blog. https://www.rand.org/pubs/commentary/2022/01/speaking-aloud-what-nato-has-left-unsaid-could-help.html
Gaind, N. ( 2022). Global research community condemns Russian invasion of Ukraine. Nature, 603(7900), 209-210. https:/doi/10.1038/d41586-022-00601-w DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-022-00601-w
Gotkowska, J. (2022). German arms deliveries to Ukraine–the SPD’s controversial course. Policy Commons. https://policycommons.net/artifacts/2435659/osw-commentary/3457251/
Grossman, V. (2022). US and NATO tighten military ring around Russia. Guardian (Sydney), 6-7, 194. https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/informit.292159321764894
Jackson, N. J. (2020). Russia’s space security policy. Handbook of Space Security: Policies, Applications and Programs, 385-399. https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-030-23210-8_128 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23210-8_128
Jermalavi?ius, T. &. (2019). The Baltic region. In: Security in Northern Europe: deterrence, defence and dialogue. Routledge, 23-36. https://www.routledge.com/Security-in-Northern-Europe-Deterrence-Defence-and-Dialogue/Olsen/p/book/9780367109769 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429289347-3
Johnson, D. (2018). Russia's conventional precision strike capabilities, regional crises, and nuclear thresholds (No. LLNL-TR-745418). Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA (United States). https://cgsr.llnl.gov/content/assets/docs/Precision-Strike-Capabilities-report-v3-7.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.2172/1424635
Jones, B. (2020, February). China and the return of great power strategic competition. Global China. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/FP_202002_china_power_competition_jones.pdf
Kotkin, S. (2022). The Cold War never ended: Ukraine, the China challenge, and the revival of the West. Foreign Affairs. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/reviews/ukraine-cold-war-never-ended-russia-ukraine-war
Kutcherov, V. M. (2020). Russian natural gas exports: an analysis of challenges and opportunities. Energy Strategy Reviews, 30, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2020.100511 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2020.100511
Leszczenko, L. (2021). Russia's 2021 National Security Strategy in the context of the state's strategic culture. ?ctual Problems of International Relations, 1(147), 18-26. https://doi.org/10.17721/apmv.2021.147.1.18-26 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17721/apmv.2021.147.1.18-26
Makhlouf, F. &. (2022). Do sanctions work in a crypto world? the impact of the removal of Russian banks from SWIFT on remittances. Hal Open Science, 1-12. https://hal.science/hal-03599089/
Maltby, T. (2013). European Union energy policy integration: a case of European Commission policy entrepreneurship and increasing supranationalism. Energy Policy, 55, 435-444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2012.12.031 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2012.12.031
Mechri, S. &. (2017). Transnational landscapes and postmodern poetics: mapping culture, literature, and politics. Cambridge Scholars. https://www.cambridgescholars.com/resources/pdfs/978-1-4438-7333-8-sample.pdf
Mohee, A. (2022). Cyber war: the hidden side of the Russian-Ukrainian crisis. Socarxiv Papers, 1-4. https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/2agd3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/2agd3
Pipes, R. (1964). The formation of the Soviet Union: communism and nationalism, 3, 1917-1923. Harvard University. https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674309517
Rashid, A., Khan, A. Y., & Azim, S. W. (2021). Cyber hegemony and information warfare: a case of Russia. Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ), 5(1), 648–666. https://doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/5.1.42 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/5.1.42
Rexha, G. (2011). The integration process of Albania toward NATO. Politologie, 3(1-2), 42-45. https://digilib.phil.muni.cz/node/8242
Rich, V. (2001). Who is Ukraine? Index on Censorship, 144-149. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03064220108536988 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03064220108536988
Šedivý, J. (2001). The puzzle of NATO enlargement. Contemporary Security Policy, 22 (2 ), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1080/13523260512331391118 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13523260512331391118
Shifrinson, J. R. (2017). NATO enlargement—was there a promise? International Security, 42(1), 189-192. https://muse.jhu.edu/article/667396 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1162/ISEC_c_00287
Smith, K. (2022). Geopolitical and environmental implications of the Ukraine conflict. CIMR Working Papers, (WP 62). https://eprints.bbk.ac.uk/id/eprint/49731/1/49731.pdf
Smith, M. (2022). How much of a new agenda? international structures, agency, and transatlantic order. Politics and Governance, 10(2), 219-228. https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v10i2.4985 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v10i2.4985
Smith, N. R. (2018). Can neoclassical realism become a genuine theory of international relations? Journal of Politics, 80(2), 742-749. https://doi.org/10.1086/696882 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/696882
Tubilewicz, C. (2002). The little dragon and the bear: Russian-Taiwanese relations in the Post-Cold War Period. The Russian Review, 61(2), 276-297. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3664284 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/0036-0341.00227
Von Hirschhausen, C. M. (2005). Transporting Russian gas to Western Europe—a simulation analysis. The Energy Journal, 26(2). https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.5547/ISSN0195-6574-EJ-Vol26-No2-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5547/ISSN0195-6574-EJ-Vol26-No2-3
Wallat, J. (2001). Czechoslovakia/the Czech Republic and the Visegrad Co-operation-Foreign and Security Policy since 1989. Slovak Foreign Policy Affairs, 2 (01), 24-35. https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=82443
Wasielewski, P. (2022). The evolving political-military aims in the war in Ukraine after 100 days. Reports of Eurasia Program: Foreign Policy Research Institute. https://www.fpri.org/article/2022/06/the-evolving-political-military-aims-in-the-war-in-ukraine-after-100-days/
Wang, L., Duan, W., Qu, D., & Wang, S. (2018). What matters for global food price volatility? Empirical Economics, 54, 1549-1572. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-017-1311-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-017-1311-9
Zondi, S. (2021). Resilience, solidarity and agency. Strategic Review for Southern Africa; Pretoria, 43(1), 7-9. https://doi.org/10.35293/srsa.v43i1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.35293/srsa.v43i1.3550
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Muhammad Naveedul Hasan Shah, Tabiullah, Ibrar Hussain
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Please click here for details about the LASSIJ's Licensing and Copyright policies.