A descriptive study of Pahari verb morphology

Shahida Khalique; Nadeem Haider Bukhari; Tahira Jabeen; Ambreen  Khawaja

doi:10.47264/idea.jhsms/3.1.8

Authors

Shahida Khalique Department of English, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2782-9604
Nadeem Haider Bukhari Department of English, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan.
Tahira Jabeen Department of English, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7356-8807
Ambreen Khawaja Department of Kashmir Studies, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47264/idea.jhsms/3.1.8

Keywords:

Pahari, verb, descriptive linguistics, morpho-syntactic, causative, conjunct infinitive, participle, suffixation

Abstract

This work is an attempt to present a descriptive analysis of the morphosyntactic properties of Pahari verbs. The study identifies that the verbal forms in Pahari are regular and inflect for tense, mood, aspect, gender, and number. Majority of the verb roots in Pahari are intransitive. Transitive verbs in Pahari are formed from the Intransitive verb root through vowel modification and affixation. Causative verbs in Pahari can be derived through vowel modification and suffixation. Indirect causatives formation is a two-step process. First, the direct causatives are formed from the intransitive verbal root and then the indirect causative verbs are formed from these direct causative verbal roots simply by adding the suffix /a:/. Suffixation is the most common process for the derivation of direct causatives. The infinitive suffix /na/ is added to a verb root to form infinitives in Pahari. Furthermore, Pahari verb morphology indicates the use of three participles: perfective, imperfective and conjunctive. These participles function either as adverbs or adjectives. Pahari Double verbs are formed by combining an inflected verb with a non-inflected verb while conjunct verbs consist of two words: an inflected verb with another word-either a noun or an adjective.

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