Dismantling Panopticonic Regime: Study of Orwell’s 1984
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/2.1.2Keywords:
Totalitarianism, Absurdity, Totalitarian Absurdity, Totalitarian Regime, Despotism, Oppression, Censorship, AuthoritarianismAbstract
The study is to find the elements of despotism for the establishment of totalitarian regimes and to reduce them to an absurdity. The aim is to highlight the failure of totalitarian regimes in terms of ground realities. Historical instances show that such governments used various techniques like, insurgency, censorship of media, changing the facts and oppression of the masses by the totalitarian rulers to sustain the authority in the state. The study has highlighted the ineffectuality of the regime in the selected text in the light of totalitarian absurdity on practical grounds. The theoretical framework used is totalitarian absurdity. It has looked for the totalitarian governments and the tactics they used to rule the masses and has reduced them to an absurdity as they failed badly eventually. It is argued that there had been a constant effort on the part of the state to suppress the masses but there had always been a revolt by the oppressed masses who denied the authority. The more the authority proved to be strict, the more it augmented the potential of subjugated masses to show revolt. Thus, one can rightly say that totalitarian regimes besides their every effort can be drawn to an absurdity.
Metrics
References
Alvesson, M. A., & Scholdberg, (2000). Relexive methodolgy: New vistas for qualitative research. London: Sage Publications.
Arendt, H. (1951). Origin of totaliterianism. New York: Harcourt Brace & Company.
Aziz, A. B. (2016). The Queue.
Bendersky, J. ( 2014 ). A concise history of Nazism. United Kingdom: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
Bradley, R. (1977). Saddam Hussain: Portrait of an Arab leader. Texas: Texas A&M University. College Station.
Brooman, J. (1985). Hitler’s Germany. New York: Longman.
Camus, A. (1951). Rebel. France.
Camus, A. (1955). The myth of Sisyphus. France: Hamish Hamilton.
Carrol, L. (1865). Adventures in wonderland. United Kingdom: Macmillan.
Clausewitz, C. (1976). On war. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
Coker, M. A. (2009). Bad governance: The bane of peace, security & sustainable development of Nigeria. International Journal of Development and Sustainability, 26.
Day, N. (2001). Censorship or freedom of expression? Minneapolis: MN: Lerner Publication Group.
Eagleton, T. (1983). Literary theory: An inroduction. London: Oxford.
Elfien, D. (1992). A case study: Afghanistan - A Soviet failure. A Case Study: Afghanistan; A Soviet Failure.
Elizabeth, N. (2008). Ferdinand Marcos: Apotheosis of the Philippine Historical Political Tradition. Tayo.
Esslin, M. (1961). The Theatre of the absurd. New York: The Overlook Press.
Fanon, F. (2008). Black skins white masks. London: Pluto Press.
Fitzpatrick, S. (2000). Everyday Stalinism. New York: Oxford Press Univrsity.
Gandhi, J. (2008). (2008). Political institutions under dictatorship. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Gregory, D. (1986). Soviet invasion of Afghanistan: Causes and Future Option. Alabama: Air War Collage.
Greitens, S. (2016). Dictators and Their secret police: Coercive institutions and state violence. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Griffin, G. (2005). Research method for English studies. Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP.
Heap, S. (2017). Twisted into myth: Book burning as a weapon of Fascism and anti-Fascism, 1933-1946. The Journal of Publishing Culture, 14.
Hirshe, E. (1967). Valadity in interpretation.New Haven: Yale UP.
Hoy, T. (2004). Albert Camus: The nature of political rebel. Jstor, 09.
Huxley, A. (1931). Brave new world. London: Oxford University Press.
Keviv, L. (2010). Lord Macaulay & hiss address to the British parliament on 2 February, 1835. Historium.
Lichbach, M. (1994). Rethinking rationality and rebillion: Theories of collective action and problems of collective dissent. Rationality and Society, 6(1), 8-39.
Linz, J.J. (2000). Totalitarian and Authoritarian regimes. London: Lynne Rienner.
Magaloni, B. &. (2008). Citizen loyalty, mass protest and authoritarian survival. In Dictatorships: Their governance and social consequences (ed.). New York: Princeton University.
Majkowski, J. (2017). How successful was Joseph Stalin in establishing the Soviet Union as a Superpower? Journal of Education Culture and Society.
Melissa, P. (1992). Discussion of the absurd in Albert Camus' Novels essays and journals. Trace, 5-13.
Nawaz, S., Rao, T., & Afzal, F. (2005). Allegory and satire on animal form by George Orwell. International Journal of Academic Research and Reflection.
Neumann, R. (2017). America keeps on failing in Afghanistan. Washington: Washington Post.
Orwell, G. (1949). 1984. New York: Oxford.
Orwell, G. (2008). Animal form. London: Panguin Publishers.
Rad, Z. (2015). George Orwell's animal farm: From Utopia to Dystopia. Jstor.
Raza, S. (2016). The effetcs of totaliterianisnm and Marxism towards the Dysteopian society in Geroge Orwell selected fiction. Global Journal of Management and Social Sciences, 21-37.
Rick, T. (2006). Fiaso: The American military adventure in Iraq. United States: Panguin Group.
Robert, P. (2004). The anatomy of Fascism. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Romanuik, S. (2002). Becoming Hitler's army: Nazi Killers and the making of genocidal warfare. Harlow: Longman.
Rossi, U. (n. d.). The great national disaster. RSA.
Schwandt, T. A. (1997). Qualitative inquiry: A dictionary of terms. California: Sage Publications.
Selenito, J. d. (1843). Fear and trembling. Denmark: Pnaguin classic.
Shah, G. (1905). Man and superman. London.
Shirer, W. (1995). The rise and fall of the third Reich: A history of Nazi Germany. London: Folio Society.
Thrall, A. A. (2017). Step back lessons for US foreign policy from the failed war on terror. Washington: CATO Institute.
Topham, J. (2017, August 7). Book review: Review of George Orwell's 1984. Thought Co.
Wintrobe, R. (1998). The Political economy of dictatorship. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Muhammad Arif, Humaira Ahmed, Bakht Rahman
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Licensing & Copyright Policies
Articles in LASSIJ-IDEA are Open Access contents published under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) http://
The copyright policy of LASSIJ-IDEA is based on a non-exclusive publishing agreement, according to which the journal retains the right of first publication, but the author(s) are free to subsequently publish their work. The copyright of all work rests with the author(s).
The users may use, reproduce, disseminate or display the article(s) provided that the author(s) are attributed as the original creators and that the reuse is restricted to non-commercial purposes, i.e., research or other educational use. Authors are encouraged to familiarise themselves with the various creative commons licenses.
Readers are advised to consult the licensing information embedded in each published work to ensure that they are familiar with the terms of use that apply.
